How to Grow Lettuce from Seed (Without It Bolting)
Lettuce sprouts in 7–10 days and is ready to harvest in 45–60 days. Plant in cool weather, keep soil moist, and harvest outer leaves so the plant keeps producing.
The single biggest mistake is planting lettuce in summer. Above 80°F, it bolts — sends up a flower stalk and turns bitter.
Timeline
| Day | Action |
|---|---|
| 0 | Sow seeds on surface, press in |
| 7-10 | Sprouts appear |
| 14 | Thin to 8-10 inches |
| 30 | Start harvesting outer leaves |
| 45-60 | Full head ready |
Step-by-Step
1. Timing. Plant 2-4 weeks before last frost (spring) or 6-8 weeks before first frost (fall).
2. Soil. Loose, well-draining. Lettuce has shallow roots.
3. Depth. 1/8 inch. Lettuce needs light to germinate — don’t bury.
4. Spacing. 8-10 inches after thinning.
5. Water. Keep soil consistently moist. Dry spells → bitter leaves.
6. Sun. 4-6 hours. Afternoon shade in warm weather.
Harvest
Loose-leaf: Cut outer leaves at base. Plant keeps producing. Head: Cut whole head at soil line.
Common Questions
Why is my lettuce bitter? Heat or bolting. See: Why Your Vegetables Are Bitter.
Can I grow lettuce in summer? Only in shade. Or plant in fall.
How do I harvest without killing the plant? Cut outer leaves, leave the center.
Can I grow lettuce in containers? Yes. 6-inch deep pot.
How long does it last in the fridge? 5-7 days in plastic bag.
Can I succession plant? Yes. Every 2 weeks for continuous harvest.